What Researchers Say about Hypolipidemic Action of Coriander Seeds?

Coriander is an annual herbaceous plant and a member of the carrot family. Coriander seeds are often used as a flavoring ingredient in various cuisines. Polyphenols, sterols, and tocopherols in coriander seeds exert various health benefits. Coriander seeds have been reported as a traditional Ayurveda medicine for high cholesterol patients. In 2007, an Indian research team found that Coriander seeds having a significant hypolipidemic action. After the ingestion of coriander, both low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and Very Low-Density Lipoprotein levels decreased while that of High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased in experimental rats. Similar results were obtained by another research in which they are reported that coriander seed oil extract has hypocholesterolemic characteristics in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. Apart from that, coriander can enhance the enzyme activity of Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase and as a result, increased breakdown of cholesterol and thereby produce fecal bile acids and neutral sterols within the experimental rat’s body. Moreover, another research team reported that coriander seeds extract decreased atherosclerosis and increased cardioprotective indicators such as decreased the higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL. 

In addition to that, coriander seeds can reduce the oxidative stress due to enhance the antioxidant levels within the tissues of experimental rats. This mechanism is also helping to provide a cardioprotective environment. Interestingly, coriander extract provides significant protection from heart failure possibly due to its ability to improve the thickest heart's chambers function which responsible for transferring oxygenated blood to tissues all over the body. However, no information is reported on the effect of the administration of coriander seeds on different aspects of plasma lipid profile in human beings. Thus, further research is required to experimentally validate the use of coriander correct dosage to lower the cholesterol of human beings. Also, it is important to pay special attention to find out the biochemical compounds of coriander seeds that exert heart health benefits. 

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References

Dhanapakiam, P., Joseph, J. M., Ramaswamy, V. K., Moorthi, M., & Kumar, A. S. (2007). The cholesterol-lowering property of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action. Journal of Environmental Biology, 29(1), 53.

Chithra, V., & Leelamma, S. (1997). Hypolipidemic effect of coriander seeds (Coriandrum sativum): mechanism of action. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 51(2), 167-172.

Aissaoui, A., Zizi, S., Israili, Z. H., & Lyoussi, B. (2011). Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Coriandrum sativum L. in Meriones shawi rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 137(1), 652-661.

Anilakumar, K. R., Khanum, F., & Bawa, A. S. (2010). Effect of coriander seed powder (CSP) on 1, 2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced changes in antioxidant enzyme system and lipid peroxide formation in rats. Journal of dietary supplements, 7(1), 9-20.

Chithra, V., & Leelamma, S. (2000). Coriandrum sativum—effect on lipid metabolism in 1, 2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon cancer. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 71(3), 457-463.

Ramadan, M. F., Amer, M. M. A., & Awad, A. E. S. (2008). Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seed oil improves plasma lipid profile in rats fed a diet containing cholesterol. European Food Research and Technology, 227(4), 1173-1182.